- Idoxuridine
- Name: Idoxuridine (Herplex®)
- Treatment for herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Approved date: June 1963
- Drug action: Idoxuridine substitutes thymidine and targets HSV DNA polymerase to inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (5905), DrugBank (DB00249), PDB(1KI7)
- Trifluridine
- Name: Trifluridine (Viroptic®)
- Treatment for herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Approved date: April 1980
- Drug action: Trifluridine inhibits HSV DNA replication.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (6256), DrugBank (DB00432)
- Brivudine
- Name: Brivudine (Zostex®, Brivirac®)
- Treatment for varicella zoster virus (VZV)
- Approved date: 2000
- Drug action: Brivudine triphosphate targets VZV DNA polymerase to inhibit viral DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (446727), PDB(1OSN)
- Foscarnet
- Name: Foscarnet (Foscavir®)
- Treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Approved date: May 2005
- Drug action: Foscarnet inhibits the activity of viral DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (3415), DrugBank (DB00529), PDB(3KD5)
- Zidovudine
- Name: Zidovudine (Retrovir®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: March 1987
- Drug action: Zidovudine targets HIV RT and competes with dGTP to inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (35370), DrugBank (DB00495), PDB(3V4I)
- Didanosine
- Name: Didanosine (Videx®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Oct. 1991
- Drug action: Didanosine targets HIV RT and competes with dATP to inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (50599), DrugBank (DB00900), PDB(1V3Q)
- Zalcitabine
- Name: Zalcitabine (Hivid®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: June 1992
- Drug action: Zalcitabine targets HIV RT and competes with dCTP to inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (24066), DrugBank (DB00943)
- Stavudine
- Name: Stavudine (Zerit®, Stavir®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: June 1994
- Drug action: Stavudine targets HIV RT and competes with dGTP to inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (18283), DrugBank (DB00649)
- Lamivudine
- Name: Lamivudine (Epivir®)
- Treatment for HIV, HBV
- Approved date: Nov. 1995
- Drug action: Lamivudine targets viral polymerase and competes with dCTP to inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (60825), DrugBank (DB00709), PDB(2NOA)
- Abacavir
- Name: Abacavir (Ziagen®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Nov. 1995
- Drug action: Abacavir targets HIV RT and competes with dGTP to inhibit DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (441300), DrugBank (DB01048), PDB(3VRI)
- Emtricitabine
- Name: Emtricitabine (Emtriva®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: July 2003
- Drug action: Emtricitabine targets HIV RT and competes with dCTP to inhibit DNA synthesis..
- Additional sources: Pubchem (441300), DrugBank (DB01048), PDB(3VRI)
- Nevirapine
- Name: Nevirapine (Viramune®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: June 1996
- Drug action:Nevirapine binds directly to HIV RT and inhibits DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (4463), DrugBank (DB00238), PDB(4PUO)
- Delavirdine
- Name: Delavirdine (Rescriptor®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: April 1997
- Drug action:Delavirdine binds directly to HIV RT and inhibits DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (5625), DrugBank (DB00705), PDB(1KLM)
- Efavirenz
- Name: Efavirenz (Sustiva®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: September 1998
- Drug action:Efavirenz binds directly to HIV RT and inhibits DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (64139), DrugBank (DB00625), PDB(1JKH)
- Efavirenz
- Name: Etravirine (Intelence®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: January 2008
- Drug action:Etravirine binds directly to HIV RT and inhibits DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (64139), DrugBank (DB00625), PDB(1JKH)
- Rilpivirine
- Name: Rilpivirine (Edurant®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: May 2011
- Drug action:Rilpivirine binds directly to HIV RT and inhibits DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (6451164), DrugBank (DB08864), PDB(3MEE)
- Vidarabine
- Name: Vidarabine (Vira-A®)
- Treatment for HSV, VZV
- Approved date: Nov, 1976
- Drug action:Vidarabine triphosphate competes with dATP to inhibit the activity of viral DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (21704), DrugBank (DB00194), PDB(1PW7)
- Entecavir
- Name: Entecavir (Baraclude®)
- Treatment for HBV
- Approved date: Mar. 2005
- Drug action:Entecavir inhibits the activity of HBV DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (153941), DrugBank (DB00442)
- Telbivudine
- Name: Telbivudine (Tyzeka®)
- Treatment for HBV
- Approved date: Oct. 2006
- Drug action:Telbivudine inhibits the activity of HBV DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (159269), DrugBank (DB01265), PDB(3QEO)
- Saquinavir
- Name: Saquinavir (Invirase®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Dec. 1995
- Drug action:Saquinavir blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (441243), DrugBank (DB01232), PDB(3EKQ)
- Ritonavir
- Name: Ritonavir (Norvir®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Mar. 1996
- Drug action:Ritonavir blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (392622), DrugBank (DB00503), PDB(1HXW)
- Indinavir
- Name: Indinavir (Crixivan®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Mar.1996
- Drug action:Indinavir blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (5362440), DrugBank (DB00224), PDB(3WSJ)
- Nelfinavir
- Name: Nelfinavir (Viracept®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Mar. 1997
- Drug action:It blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (64143), DrugBank (DB00220), PDB(3EKX)
- Amprenavir
- Name: Amprenavir (Agenerase®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: April 1999
- Drug action:It blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (65016), DrugBank (DB00701), PDB(3EKV)
- Lopinavir
- Name: Lopinavir (Kaletra®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Sept. 2000
- Drug action:It blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (92727), DrugBank (DB01601), PDB(2Q5K)
- Atazanavir
- Name: Atazanavir (Reyataz®,Atazor®)
- Treatment for HIV-1
- Approved date: June 2003
- Drug action:It blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (148192), DrugBank (DB01072), PDB(3EKY)
- Fosamprenavir
- Name: Fosamprenavir (Lexia®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Oct. 2003
- Drug action:It blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (131536), DrugBank (DB01319), PDB()
- Tipranavir
- Name: Tipranavir (Aptivus®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: June 2005
- Drug action:It blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (54682461), DrugBank (DB00932), PDB(2O4P)
- Darunavir
- Name: Darunavir (Prezista®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: June 2006
- Drug action:It blocks the active site of HIV protease to prevent the cleavage of Gag and Gagpol precursor proteins.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (213039), DrugBank (DB01264), PDB(4LL3)
- Telaprevir
- Name: Telaprevir (Incivek®)
- Treatment for HCV
- Approved date: May 2011
- Drug action:It inhibits the proteolytic activity of HCV NS3/4A protease.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (3010818), DrugBank (DB05521), PDB(3SV6)
- Boceprevir
- Name: Boceprevir (Victrelis®)
- Treatment for HCV
- Approved date: May 2011
- Drug action:It inhibits the proteolytic activity of HCV NS3/4A protease.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (10324367), DrugBank (DB08873), PDB(3LOX)
- Simeprevir
- Name: Simeprevir (Olysio®)
- Treatment for HCV
- Approved date: Nov. 2013
- Drug action:It inhibits the proteolytic activity of HCV NS3/4A protease.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (24873435), DrugBank (DB06290), PDB(3KEE)
- Raltegravir
- Name: Raltegravir (Isentress®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Oct. 2007
- Drug action:It targets HIV Integrase to inhibit the integration of viral DNA into human chromosomes.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (54671008), DrugBank (DB06817), PDB(3L2V)
- Elvitegravir
- Name: Elvitegravir (Stribild®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Aug. 2012
- Drug action:It targets HIV Integrase to inhibit the integration of viral DNA into human chromosomes.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (5277135), PDB(3L2U)
- Dolutegravir
- Name: Dolutegravir (Tivicay®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Aug. 2013
- Drug action:It targets HIV Integrase to inhibit the integration of viral DNA into human chromosomes.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (54726191), DrugBank (DB08930), PDB(3S3M)
- Enfuvirtide
- Name: Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Mar. 2003
- Drug action:Enfuvirtide blocks HIV GP41 fusion to host cell membrane.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (16130199), DrugBank (DB00109), PDB(2X7R)
- Maraviroc
- Name: Maraviroc (Selzentry®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Aug. 2007
- Drug action:It blocks GP120-CCR5 interaction to inhibit HIV entry.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (3002977), DrugBank (DB04835), PDB(4MBS)
- Acyclovir
- Name: Acyclovir (Acyclovir®)
- Treatment for HSV, VZV
- Approved date: Jan. 1985
- Drug action:Acyclovir triphosphate targets viral DNA polymerase to inhibit viral DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (2022), DrugBank (DB00787), PDB(2KI5)
- Ganciclovir
- Name: Ganciclovir (Zirgan®,Vitrasert®)
- Treatment for CMV
- Approved date: June 1989
- Drug action:Ganciclovir triphosphate targets CMV DNA polymerase to inhibit viral DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (3454), DrugBank (DB01004), PDB(1KI2)
- Penciclovir
- Name: Penciclovir (Denavir®)
- Treatment for HSV
- Approved date: Sept. 1993
- Drug action:Penciclovir triphosphate targets HSV DNA polymerase to inhibit viral DNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (4725), DrugBank (DB00299), PDB(1KI3)
- Famciclovir
- Name: Famciclovir (Famvir®)
- Treatment for HSV
- Approved date: June 1994
- Drug action:Famciclovir triphosphate competes with dGTP to inhibit the activity of viral DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (3324), DrugBank (DB00426), PDB()
- Valaciclovir
- Name: Valaciclovir (Valtrex®)
- Treatment for HSV, VZV, CMV
- Approved date: Dec. 1995
- Drug action:Valaciclovir triphosphate competes with dGTP to inhibit the activity of viral DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (60773), DrugBank (DB00577), PDB(4AQL)
- Valganciclovir
- Name: Valganciclovir (Valcyte®)
- Treatment for CMV
- Approved date: Mar. 2001
- Drug action:Valganciclovir triphosphate competes with dGTP to inhibit the activity of viral DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (64147), DrugBank (DB01610), PDB()
- Cidofovir
- Name: Cidofovir (Vistide®)
- Treatment for CMV retinitis (AIDS patients)
- Approved date: June 1996
- Drug action:Cidofovir inhibits the activity of CMV DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (60613), DrugBank (DB00369), PDB(2L8P)
- Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)
- Name: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) (Viread®)
- Treatment for HIV, HBV
- Approved date: Oct.2001 (HIV), Aug.2008(HBV)
- Drug action:TDF competes with dATP to inhibit the activity of viral polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (6398764), DrugBank (DB00300), PDB(1T03)
- Adefovir dipivoxil
- Name: Adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera®)
- Treatment for HBV
- Approved date: Sept. 2002
- Drug action:Adefovir diphosphate competes with dATP to inhibit the activity of HBV DNA polymerase.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (60871), DrugBank (DB00718), PDB(1PK0)
- TDF + Emtricitabine
- Name: TDF + Emtricitabine (Truvada®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Aug. 2004
- Drug action:Truvada is a fixed-dose combination of two drugs to inhibit HIV replication.
- TDF + Efavirenz + Emtricitabine
- Name: TDF + Efavirenz + Emtricitabine (Atripla®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: July 2006
- Drug action:Atripla is a fixed-dose combination of three drugs to inhibit HIV replication.
- TDF+ Rilpivirine + Emtricitabine
- Name: TDF+ Rilpivirine + Emtricitabine (Complera®, Eviplera®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Aug. 2011
- Drug action:Complera is a fixed-dose combination of three drugs to inhibit HIV replication.
- TDF+Cobicistat +Emtricitabine + Elvitegravir
- Name: TDF + Cobicistat + Emtricitabine + Elvitegravir (Stribild®)
- Treatment for HIV
- Approved date: Aug. 2012
- Drug action:Stribild is a fixed-dose combination of four drugs to inhibit HIV replication.
- Sofosbuvir
- Name: Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi®)
- Treatment for HCV
- Approved date: Dec. 2013
- Drug action:Sofosbuvir binds to two Mg2+ ions in HCV NS5B polymerase and inhibits RNA replication.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (45375808), DrugBank (DB08934), PDB(4WTG)
- Ledipasvir + Sofosbuvir
- Name: Ledipasvir + Sofosbuvir (Harvoni®)
- Treatment for HCV
- Approved date: Oct. 2014
- Drug action:Harvoni® inhibits HCV NS5A and NS5B polymerase to stop RNA replication.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (72734365)
- Amantadine
- Name: Amantadine (Symmetrel®)
- Treatment for Influenza virus A
- Approved date: Oct. 1966
- Drug action:Amantadine targets viral matrix protein 2 to inhibit viral uncoating inside host cells.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (2130), DrugBank (DB00915), PDB(2KAD)
- Zanamivir
- Name: Zanamivir (Relenza®)
- Treatment for Influenza virus A and B
- Approved date: July 1993
- Drug action:Zanamivir targets viral neuraminidase to inhibit viral release from host cells.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (60855), DrugBank (DB00558), PDB(2HTQ)
- Rimantadine
- Name: Rimantadine (Flumadine®)
- Treatment for Influenza virus A
- Approved date: Sept. 1993
- Drug action:Rimantadine targets matrix protein 2 to inhibit viral uncoating inside host cells.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (5071), DrugBank (DB00478), PDB(2RLF)
- Oseltamivir
- Name: Oseltamivir (Tamiflu®)
- Treatment for Influenza virus A and B
- Approved date: Feb. 1996
- Drug action:Oseltamivir targets viral neuraminidase to inhibit viral release from host cells.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (65028), DrugBank (DB00198), PDB(3CL2)
- Ribavirin
- Name: Ribavirin (Copegus®, Rebetol®, Virazole®)
- Treatment for HCV, RSV, hemorrhagic fever
- Approved date: Nov. 1996
- Drug action:Ribavirin triphosphate targets viral polymerase to inhibit mRNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (37542), DrugBank (DB00811), PDB(3SFU)
- Laninamivir octanoate
- Name: Laninamivir octanoate (Inavir® in Japan)
- Treatment for Influenza virus A and B
- Approved date: Dec. 2013
- Drug action:It targets viral neuraminidase to inhibit viral release from host cells.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (9847629), DrugBank (DB02425), PDB(3TIB)
- Peramivir
- Name: Peramivir (Rapiacta®)
- Treatment for Influenza virus A and B
- Approved date: Feb. 2014
- Drug action:It targets viral neuraminidase to inhibit viral release from host cells.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (91666359), DrugBank (DB06614), PDB(3K39)
- Favipiravir
- Name: Favipiravir (Avigan® in Japan)
- Treatment for Influenza virus A, B and C
- Approved date: Mar. 2014
- Drug action:Favipiravir-ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate (RTP) targets viral polymerase to inhibit mRNA synthesis.
- Additional sources: Pubchem (492405)
